Fume eliminating valve for internal combustion engines



Feb. 20, 1940. I s. JACOVELLJ 2,191,076

FUME ELIMINAT-ING VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 17, 1939 a Sheets-Shet 1 INVENTOR.

SAMUEL JACO v51 1. I.

ATTORNEY.

Feb. 20, 1940. JAcovLL. 2,191,076

FUME-ELIMINATING VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 17, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. SAMUEL JA cox 51.1.1.

ATTORNEY.

Feb. 20, 1940.

I s. 'JACOVELLI FUME ELIMINATING VAILVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 17, 1939 s Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VENTOR. SAMUEL JA col/Eu.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 20, 194

PATENT OFFICE- FUME IELIMINATING VALVE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application April 17,

7 Claims.

This invention relates generally to internal combustion engines, and more particularly to devices, adapted to be mounted in the intake line between the carburetor and the'engine, for providing an instantly available auxiliary air supply to the cylinders upon deceleration of theengine so that the gas fuel therein may be more thorgreater degree of vacuum to be created in the cylinders. Thus, excess quantities of gas fuel are sucked from the idling jets by this increased vacuum. Some of the oil film on the cylinder walls is also drawn into the combustion chamber. These two facts, together with the fact that little or no air is being delivered into the combustion chamber owing to the throttle being open at only the idling position, create a condition in which the fuel is unable to burn or explode efficiently, and this poor combustion causes unburned and incompletely burned fuel to be passed through the exhaust, so that the exhaust is malodorous and often even visible. These conditions also cause, as a consequence of the incomplete combustion in cylinders, the deposit of large quantities of carbon in the cylinders, besides the waste of gasoline and oil at a time when the motor requires no fuel to keep it running.

It is the object of the present invention to eliminate the above undesirable conditions entirelyby breakingup the vacuum in the intake manifold and feeding a full volume of pure air to the combustion chamber during deceleration.

This and other correlated objects will become apparent in the description below, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which reference numerals refer to like-numbered parts in a Samuel Jacovelli, Brooklyn, N. Y.

1939, Serial No. 268,139

Figure 3 is across-sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2, showing the secondary air valve open.

Figure 4 is in part a cross-sectional view take on the line 4-4 of Figure 2 and in part a lefthand end elevation of the same figure.

Figure 5 is a front view of the master valve.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectiona1 view taken on the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure '7 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 1-4 of Figure 6.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the numeral l0 indicates the unitary housing of the device, enclosing two spaced-apart cylindrical compartments II and. i2, open at both ends, the planes through whose axes intersect at right angles. The compartment I I is enclosed by the wall l3 of the housing, and this wall has an external contour which is substantially diamond-shaped on one side to accommodate the contour of the standard manifold flange l4 and carburetor flange l5, between which flanges the device is clamped by bolts H5. The top and bottom surfaces ll of the housing ID are flat,so that they will fit snugly, with the usual gaskets (not shown) therebetween, against the said flanges. The wall separating the two compartments H and I2 is cut away in a v manner which will hereinafter be described. The wall 20 surrounding the greater part of the compartment I2, is cylindrical.

An elongated hollow stem I8 is screwed, by means of its flange l9, into the rear of the compartment I2. The rearward portion 2! of the channel through the stem I8 is internally threaded to accommodate a hollow set screw 22 provided with-a lock nut 23. Forward of the chamber 2 the continuous channel through the stem I8 is again reduced to provide the chamber 24 wherein the master valve 25 is slidably mounted. At its forward end the chamber 24 is further reduced by a peripheral shoulder 21 on the inner rim of which a rearwardly projecting peripheral lip 28- is formed. The reduced stem 29 of the valve 25 is surrounded by one end of a coiled spring 30 whose other end registers in the hollow of the set screw 22.

In the cylindrical surface of the head of'the valve 25 a number of spaced peripheral grooves 3| are formed, dividing the cylindrical surface thereof into a number of spaced peripheral rings 32. In addition, a plurality of spaced radial grooves 33 are formed on the same surface to the same depth, thus cutting through the rings 32. The front end of the valve 25 is cupped out and has its peripheral wall 34 spun over to enclose and 5 retain an annular seat 35 of relatively soft material, such as leather. When the valve 25 is in its extreme left-hand position (Figure 2), the lip 28 seats against the seat 35 and seals the chamber 24 from the forward portion of the channel through the stem ES.

The secondary valve 36 comprises the head 31 from which three guide fins 38 project forward and slidably engage the inner surface of the reduced air inlet 39 to the compartment l2. The head 31 is provided with. a forwardly extending peripheral lip 40 which, when the valve 31 is closed, engages the gasket or seat 4| against the shoulder between the inlet 39 and the compartment l2. A'stem 42 extends rearward from the head 31 and has its forward portion threaded to receive a cylindrical nut 43. A plurality of spacer rings 44 are locked between the nut 43 and the head 31. The stem 42 projects slidably into the forward chamber 45 of the channel through the stem IS. A pin 46 projects rearward from the stem 42 and its end is adapted to register in the opening of the annular seat 35 of the valve 215.

A metallic bellows 41, cylindrical in all cross section, has its forward lip 48 secured in airtight fashion around the nut 43, and its rearward lip 49 in similar fashion secured around the stem I 8' at a position intermediate the length of the chamber 24. This bellows is of standard construction, and is longitudinally and sensitively resilient, in the fashion .of an accordion. The bellows 41 thus encloses a compartment 50 within the compartment I 2.

A plurality of spaced radial ports 5! through the rearward portion of the stem [8 provide communication between the compartment I2 and the chamber 24. Similarly, a plurality of spaced radial ports 52 through the forward portion of the stem 88 provide communication between the compartment l2 and the bellows compartment 50.

In the inner wall of the chamber 24, at the rear end thereof, a plurality of spaced peripheral grooves 53 are provided, into any one of which a split lock ring 54 is adapted to be placed, to limit the rearward stroke of the valve 25, as the rearward movement of the valve 25 will stop when its head strikes the ring 54.

The housing wall separating the compartment l2 from the compartment H is mostly broken away so that free communication between these compartments would be possible. However, to prevent free communication and to provide a trap for exhaust gases, ,the followihg construction is provided. At the top and the bottom of.

the communicating space between these compartments, the housing is formed to provide op positely disposed ridges 55 projecting into this space and extending across the width thereof, to reduce the opening between the compartments, A threaded countersunk hole is provided through one side of the wall to receive a screw 56, a tube 51, adapted to fit snugly in the compartment H, has a threaded hole therethrough positioned to one side of the middle (lengthwise) thereof, adapted to receive the end of the screw 56. In Figure 4, the tube is shown with its lower end flush with the upp r surface l1 of the housing and its upper end lying, on one side, close to the ridges 55. Air sucked into the manifold from the compartment l2 has only one path, that is,

pastthe ridges 55,and around the upper end of the tube 51 on upward through theupper end of the compartment II, in the direction of the ar-- row 58, However, incompletely evaporated fuel being drawn into the manifold from the carburetor in an upward direction through the compartment II, has a clear path out at the top of the compartment, and the upper end of the tube 51 adjacent the ridges 55 acts as a baffle to discourage the said fuel from entering the comengines have a down draft intake manifold.

The air inlet 39 may be open directly to the air, as shown, or an air screen, not shown, may be mounted on the inlet. The inlet might also be connected with the carburetor inlet 59 of the carburetor 6D. A minute auxiliary channel SI 62 extends through the stem 42 between the air inlet and the bellows compartment 50.

The operation of the device is as follows. The secondary valve 31 is normally closed, i. e., seated against the gasket 4|, being retained in that position by force of the bellows 41. As soon as the motor decelerates, theadded vacuum thus created in the compartment H is communicated to the compartment l2 outside the bellows 30. This urges the bellows to expand, but instead of tending to open the valve 31 it actually urges the latter to remain closed, as the other end 49 of the bellows is constrained against movement by virtue of its rigid attachment to the stem l8. The vacuum just mentioned, however, has access to the chamber 24 through the ports 5i, and when this vacuum is sufiicient', as determined by the tension of the spring 30, the atmospheric pressure within the bellows against the head of valve 25 pushes the latter off its seat. Thus, the passage between chambers 24 and 25 is opened, through the grooves 33 and 3i, permitting the vacuum to have access into the chamber 45, and

through the ports 52 into the bellows compartfrom its seat 28 and holds itthere due to the great excess of surface area of the bellows over the cross-sectional area of the valve 25. The moment the vacuum coming from the motor ceases, the spring 30 and the bellow 41 (by expanding) both combine to'seat valves 25 and 31. When the bellows expands as abovementioned, the ports (ii-62 permit entry from the outside of air thereinto to permit quick seating of the valve 31. i

In actual use, however, the vacuum coming from the motor doesnot cease until deceleration comes to an end, as one cylinder follows the other in continuous succession in supplying the vacuum. Thus, both valves 25 and 31 remain unseated' 'until deceleration ceases, and an instant thereafter with the return'of atmospheric pressure to within and without the bellows, the spring .30 and the resiliency of the bellows restore both amount of gasoline therein and keeping the cylindr lubricating oil from being sucked into the cylinders. Hence, the objections mentioned above, as to malodorous exhaust etc., are fully overcome.

The ring 54 is placed in any one of the grooves 53 of the chamber 24, depending upon the degree of maximum opening of the valve 25 desired, and the latter depends upon the size and type of englue to which the device is applied. Accurate adjustment of the spring 30 is had by the screw 22, to assure, eflicient performance of the device. Obviously, modifications in form and structure may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. A device of the class described comprising a housing having two separated compartments therein communicating with each other, one of said compartments being open at both ends and being connected in the intake manifold of an engine, the other of said compartments having a hollow stem projecting thereinto through one end, said stem being closed on its outer end, an inwardly projecting valve seat provided in said stem intermediate its length, a valve slidably mounted in said stem and adapted to seat against said valve seat, a spring normally urging said valve against said valve seat, said valve having longitudinal surface grooves, a peripheral internal flange surrounding the other end of said second compartment, a second valve slidably mounted in said other end of said second compartment adapted to seat against said'fiange to open or close said other end, said second valve having a stem projecting through said valve seat to a point adjacent said first valve, a bellows open at both ends, one of said open bellows ends being sealed against said second valve and the other end being sealed around said stem, radial ports through the walls of said stem outside said bellows, and additional radial ports through the walls of said stem inside said bellows.

2. A device of the class described comprising a housing having two separated compartments therein communicating with .each other, one of said compartments being open at ,bothends and being connected in the intake manifold of an engine, the otherof said compartments having a hollow stem projecting thereinto through one end, said stem being closed on its outer end, an inwardly projecting valve seat provided in said stem intermediate its length, a valve slidably mounted in said stem and adapted to seat against said valve seat, a spring normally urging said valve against said seat, said valve having longi-- tudinal surface grooves, a peripheral internal flange surrounding the other end of said second compartment, a second valve slidably mounted in said other end of said second compartment adapted to seat against said flange to open or close said other end, said second valve having a stem projecting through said valve seat to a point adjacent said first valve, a bellows open at both ends, one of said open bellows ends being sealed against said second valve and the other end being sealed around said stem, radial ports through the wallsof said stem outside said bellows, and additional radial ports through the walls of said stem inside said bellows, and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said first valve from said seat.

3. A device of the class described comprising a housing having two separated compartments therein communicating with each other, one of said compartments being open at both ends and being connected in the intake manifold of an engine, the other of said compartments having a hollow stem projecting therein through one end, said stem being closed on its outer end, an inwardly projecting valve seat provided in said stem intermediate its length, a valve slidably mounted in said stem and adapted to seat against said valve seat, a spring normally urging said valve against said seat, said valve having longitudinal surface grooves, a peripheral internal flange surrounding the other end of said second compartment, a second valve slidably mounted in said other end of said second compartment adaptedto seat against said flange to open or close said other end, said second valve having a stem projecting through said valve seat to a point adjacent said first valve, a bellows open at both ends, one of said open bellows ends being sealed against said second valve and the other end being sealed around said stem, radial ports through the walls of said stem outside said bellows, and additional radial ports through the walls of said stem inside said bellows, and a removable sleeve mounted in said first compartment and partly closing the communication between said compartments.

4. A device of the class described comprising a housing having two separated compartments therein communicating with each other, one of said compartments being open at both ends and being connected in the intake manifold of an engine, the. other of said compartments having a hollow stem projecting thereinto through one end, said'stern being closed on its outer end, an inwardly projecting valve seat provided in said stem intermediate its length, a valve slidably mounted in said stem and adapted to seat against said valve seat, a spring normally urging said valve against said seat, said valve having longitudinal surface grooves, a peripheral internal flange surrounding the other end of said second compartment, a second valve slidably mounted in said other end of said'second compartment adapted to seat against said flange to open or close said other end, said second valve. having a stem projecting through said valve seat to a point adjacent said first valve, a bellows open at both ends, one of said open bellows ends being sealed against said second valve and the other end being sealed around said stem, radial ports through the walls of said stem outside said bellows, and additional radial ports through the walls of said stem inside said bellows, and means for adjusting the tension of said resilient means.

5. A device of the class described comprising a housing having two separated compartments therein communicating with each other, one of said compartments being open at both ends and being connected in the intake manifold of an engine, the other of said compartments having a hollow stem projecting thereinto through one end, said stem being closed on its outer end, an inwardly projecting valve seat provided in said stem intermediate its length, a valve slidably mounted in said stem and adapted to seat against said valve seat, a spring normally urging said valve against said seat, said valve having longitudinal surface grooves, a peripheral internal flange surrounding the other end of said second compartment, a second valve slidably mounted in said other end of said second compartment adapted to seat againstsaid flange to open or close said other end, said second valve having a stem projecting through said valve seat 'to a point adjacent said first valve, a bellows open at both ends, one of said open bellows ends being sealed against said second valve and the other end being sealed around said stem, radial ports through the walls of said stem outside said bellows, and additional radial ports through the walls of said stem inside said bellows, and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said first valve from said seat, and a removable sleeve mounted in said first compartment and partly closing the communication between said compartments.

6. A device of the class described comprising a housing having two separated compartments therein communicating with each other, one of said compartments being open at both ends and being connected in the intake manifold of an engine, the other of said compartments having a hollow stem projecting thereinto through one end, said stem being closed on its outer end, an inwardly projecting valve seat provided in said stem intermediate its length, a valve slidably mounted in said stem and adapted to seat against said valve seat, a. spring normally urging said valve against said seat, said valve havinglongitudinal surface grooves, a peripheral internal flange surrounding the other end of said second compartment, a second valve slidably mounted in said other end of said second compartment adapted to seat against said flange to open or close said other end, said second valve having a stem projecting through said valve seat to a point adjacent said first valve, a bellows open at both ends, one of said open bellows ends being sealed against said second valve and the other end being sealed around said stem, radial ports through the walls of said stem outside said bellows, and additional radial ports through the walls of said stem inside said bellows, and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said first valve from said seat, and means for adjusting the tension of said resilient means. v

7. A device of the class described comprising a housing having two separated compartments therein communicating with each other, one of a said compartments being open at both ends and being connected in theintake manifold of an tudinal surface grooves, a peripheral flange surrounding the other end of said second compartment, a second valve slidably mounted in said other end of said second compartment adapted to seat against said flange to open or close said other end, said second valve having a stem projecting through said valve seat to a point adjacent said first valve, a bellows open at both ends, one of said open bellows ends being sealed against said second valve and the other end being sealed around said stem, radial ports through thewalls of said stem outside said bellows, and additional radial ports through the walls of said stem inside said bellows, and a removable sleeve mounted in said first compartment and partly closing the communication between said compartments, and means for adjusting the tension of said resilient means. I

SAMUEL JACOVELLI. 

